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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msuecon</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov Economics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0130-0105</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSUPRESS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-60-6-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msuecon-1536</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДИСЦИПЛИНАРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экономические аспекты ценностного предложения квантовых коммуникаций и постквантовой криптографии с точки зрения конечного пользователя на примере финансовой отрасли</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic aspects of the value proposition of quantum communications and post-quantum cryptography from the end-user perspective: case study in the financial industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-2502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобов Даниил Сергеевич — к.э.н., старший преподаватель; научный сотрудник</p><p>Москва</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.lobov96@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД РФ; СПбГУ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO; SPbGU</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>276</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лобов Д.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лобов Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lobov D.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1536">https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1536</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена исследованию экономических аспектов внедрения квантовых коммуникаций и постквантовой криптографии – двух передовых инструментов защиты связи в условиях появления квантового компьютера. Цель исследования – прогнозирование условий, при которых внедрение будет является экономически обоснованным для конечных пользователей в финансовой отрасли. Гипотеза заключалась в том, что применение квантовых коммуникаций и постквантовой криптографии как инструментов информационной безопасности представляет интерес для финансовых организаций, являющихся владельцами критической информационной инфраструктуры, в связи со снижением рисков экономических потерь от последствий киберпреступлений. Для доказательства данной гипотезы автор исследовал место и роль квантовых коммуникаций и постквантовой криптографии в системе информационной безопасности банка, оценил объем затрат на трансформацию инфраструктуры с применением квантового компонента, дал экономическую оценку рисков, связанных с отсутствием квантового уровня безопасности сети. Исследование основано на вводных по стоимости компонентов от участников рынка, а также на финансовых данных по результатам деятельности банка из открытых источников. В результате проведения сравнительного анализа потенциальных затрат и рисков, автор приходит к выводу о том, что отсутствие массового спроса на услуги пилотирования квантовых коммуникаций может быть связано с ожиданием недостаточных экономических эффектов на текущей стадии технологической готовности. Повышение спроса возможно с применением маркетинговых и финансовых инструментов отложенного платежа. Рекомендуется обратить внимание на сценарии применения оборудования квантового распределения ключей в ключевых узлах передачи данных. Полученные выводы могут представлять интерес для специалистов, работающих в области развития и коммерциализации новой отрасли квантовых коммуникаций в Российской Федерации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper examines the economic aspects of implementing quantum communications and post-quantum cryptography — two advanced tools for securing communications in the context of the advent of quantum computers. The aim of the study is to predict the conditions under which their implementation will be economically feasible for end users in the financial sector. The hypothesis is that the use of quantum communications and postquantum cryptography as information security tools is of interest to financial institutions that own critical information infrastructure due to the potential to reduce the risk of economic losses from cybercrime. To prove this hypothesis, the author examined the place and role of quantum communications and post-quantum cryptography in a bank’s information security system, estimated the costs of transforming the infrastructure using a quantum component, and provided an economic assessment of the risks associated with the lack of a quantumlevel network security. The study is based on input data on component costs from market participants, as well as financial data on bank’s performance from open sources. Drawing on the comparative analysis of potential costs and risks, the author concludes that the lack of massive demand for quantum communications piloting services may be due to anticipated insufficient economic impact at the current stage of technological readiness. Demand could be increased through the use of deferred payment marketing and financial instruments. The author recommends to pay attention to scenarios for using quantum key distribution equipment in key data transmission nodes. These findings may be of interest to specialists working in the development and commercialization of emerging quantum communications industry in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>квантовые коммуникации</kwd><kwd>квантовое распределение ключей</kwd><kwd>постквантовая криптография</kwd><kwd>критическая информационная инфраструктура</kwd><kwd>экономика инноваций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>quantum communications</kwd><kwd>quantum key distribution</kwd><kwd>postquantum cryptography</kwd><kwd>critical information infrastructure</kwd><kwd>innovation economics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmad, F., Kanta, K., Shiaeles, S., Naeem, A., Khalid, Z., &amp; Mahboob, K. (2024). Enhancing ATM security management in the post-quantum era with quantum key distribution. 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