msueconВестник Московского университета. Серия 6. ЭкономикаLomonosov Economics Journal0130-0105MSUPRESS10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-60-6-14msuecon-1590Research ArticleДЕМОГРАФИЯDEMOGRAPHIC STUDIESБлагополучие членов российских домохозяйств с учетом данных о распределении времениWell-being of Russia’s population based on daily time allocation datahttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-8009-1216ЯдрищенскаяК. Ю.YadrishchenskayaK. Yu.

Ядрищенская Ксения Юрьевна — аспирант, Экономический факультет

Москва

Moscow

bashkirova_ks@mail.ruМГУ имени М. В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202504022026606329366Copyright © Ядрищенская К.Ю., 20262026Ядрищенская К.Ю.Yadrishchenskaya K.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1590

В статье описан новый подход к оценке благополучия как многомерного конструкта с учетом структуры распределения суточного времени, при контроле базовых социально-демографических характеристик индивидов. Целью работы является подтверждение наличия связи между благополучием и решениями, принимаемыми в отношении распределения времени. С использованием данных Выборочного наблюдения использования суточного фонда времени населением, методом множественных индикаторов и множественных причин (MIMIC) была осуществлена одновременная оценка ненаблюдаемой переменной благополучия и ее связи со структурой использования времени. В качестве индикаторов благополучия рассматривалась «большая тройка» ключевых показателей – материальная компонента (доход) и уровень человеческого капитала (оценки здоровья и уровень образования). Результаты оценки показали, что наибольшая факторная нагрузка при формировании ненаблюдаемой переменной благополучия в молодом возрасте приходится на переменную дохода, а в старшем возрасте акцент смещается в сторону здоровья и образования. Подтверждена гипотеза о наличии связи между конструктом благополучия и распределением времени на различные виды деятельности. Было выявлено, что связь благополучия с такими видами деятельности, как оплачиваемая занятость и домашний труд нелинейна (обратная U-образная и U-образная соответственно), что позволяет говорить о наличии некоторых оптимальных временных границ для каждого из рассматриваемых видов деятельности. Предложенная методология может быть адаптирована для рассмотрения менее укрупненных категорий (например, индивидов из многодетных семей или из семей с одним родителем) и выявления путей точечного регуляторного воздействия с целью повышения уровня благополучия.

This paper describes a new approach to assessing well-being as a multidimensional construct considering the structure of daily time allocation while controlling for basic sociodemographic characteristics of individuals. The article aims to confirm the relationship between well-being and decisions concerning time allocation. Using the data from the Sample Observation of Daily Time Use by the Population, the author applies multiple-indicators and multiple-causes modeling (MIMIC) to simultaneously estimate the unobserved wellbeing variable and its relationship with time use patterns. As the “big three” key indicators of well-being, the author considers material component (income) and human capital level (health status and educational attainment). The findings demonstrate that the highest factor loading in the unobserved variable of well-being at a young age belongs to income variable, while at an older age, the emphasis shifts towards health and education. The study proves the relationship between the construct of well-being and the allocation of time for various types of activities. The author argues that the connection of well-being with specific activities such as paid employment and household work is nonlinear (reverse U-shaped and U-shaped, respectively), making it possible to imply optimal time boundaries for each of the considered activity types. The proposed methodology can be adapted to consider less aggregated categories (for example, individuals from large families or single-parent families) and identify the ways of targeted regulatory influence to increase the level of well-being.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.