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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msuecon</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov Economics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0130-0105</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSUPRESS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-60-5-14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msuecon-1591</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕМОГРАФИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Связь года рождения со смертностью российских поколений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The correlation between birth year and mortality of Russian cohorts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-3771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Михаил Антонович — аспирант, Экономический факультет</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihailmaximov000@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>320</fpage><lpage>352</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Максимов М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максимов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maximov M.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1591">https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1591</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье объясняется связь года рождения с уровнем смертности различных российских поколений. Продолжительность жизни в России не росла с1960-х до начала 2000-х гг., однако даже с учетом ее роста в последнее двадцатилетие значения показателя отстают от значений европейских стран. Замедленный рост показателя может объясняться в том числе когортными эффектами в смертности. Некоторые поколения ослаблены по сравнению со своими предшественниками и последователями. В статье методом модели «возраст — период — когорта» (APC-анализ) выявляются российские поколения с наибольшими когортными эффектами в смертности по шести классам причин (болезни системы кровообращения, болезни органов дыхания, новообразования, инфекционные заболевания, болезни системы пищеварения, внешние причины смерти). Используются данные о возрастных коэффициентах смертности по пятилетним и однолетним возрастным интервалам из российской базы рождаемости и смертности (РосБРиС) центра демографических исследований Российской экономической школы за 1959–2022 гг. В смертности от болезней органов дыхания и новообразований наибольший когортный эффект зафиксирован у поколений конца 1950-х — начала 1960-х гг. рождения. Поколения, рожденные в 1975– 1985 гг. имеют наибольший когортный эффект в смертности от болезней системы кровообращения, внешних причин смерти, болезней органов пищеварения и инфекционных заболеваний. Высокий когортный эффект этих поколений может сдерживать рост ожидаемой продолжительности жизни, поскольку эти люди все еще находятся в возрастах, вносящих высокий вклад в формирование значений ожидаемой продолжительности жизни.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article explains the link between birth year and mortality levels across Russian cohorts. Life expectancy in Russia did not increase since the 1960s until the early 2000s. However, even taking into consideration its growth over the past two decades, the indicator still lags behind the values in European countries. Slow growth may be partly explained by cohort effects in mortality: some cohorts are disadvantaged compared to their predecessors and successors. Using an age-period-cohort (APC) model, the article identifies Russian cohorts with the strongest cohort effects in mortality across six cause-of-death classes (circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases, neoplasms, infectious diseases, digestive diseases, and external causes). The study draws on age-specific mortality rates by 5-year and single-year age intervals from the Russian Births and Deaths Database (RosBRiS) of the Center for Demographic Research at the New Economic School for the period of 1959–2022. For mortality from respiratory diseases and neoplasms, the largest cohort effects are found among those born in the late 1950s to early 1960s. Cohorts born in 1975–1985 show the strongest cohort effects for mortality from circulatory diseases, external causes, digestive diseases, and infectious diseases. The elevated cohort effects in these cohorts may be restraining gains in life expectancy, as these individuals are still in ages that contribute substantially to overall life expectancy levels.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>АРС-анализ</kwd><kwd>причины смерти</kwd><kwd>поколение</kwd><kwd>когортный эффект.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>APC-analysis</kwd><kwd>cause of death</kwd><kwd>generation</kwd><kwd>cohort effect.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев, Е. М. (1982). Метод компонент в анализе продолжительности жизни. Вестник статистики, 9, 42–47. http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/knigi/andreev/andreev.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreyev, E. M. (1982). Metod komponent v analize prodolzhitel’nosti zhizni [Component method in life expectancy analysis]. 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