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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msuecon</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov Economics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0130-0105</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSUPRESS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.55959/MSU0130-0105-6-61-3-1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msuecon-2136</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методология П. Фейерабенда как ключ к пониманию современной экономической теории</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>P. Feyerabend’s methodology as a key to understanding modern economic theory</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7984-3613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тутов</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tutov</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тутов Леонид Арнольдович – д.филос.н., профессор, Экономический факультет</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.tutov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7984-3613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmaylov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Измайлов Александр Александрович – к.э.н., доцент, Экономический факультет</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">izmaylov571@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тутов Л.А., Измайлов А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тутов Л.А., Измайлов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tutov L.A., Izmaylov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2136">https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2136</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу применимости методологии П. Фейерабенда для объяснения современного состояния экономической теории и смягчения проблем, сдерживающих ее развитие. Цель исследования заключается в обосновании важности роли методологии П. Фейерабенда в понимании состояния современной экономической теории. В первом разделе статьи выявлены основные тенденции и проблемы в развитии методологии экономической науки: изгнание онтологии и превращение экономики в ящик с инструментами, математизация и формализация, заимствование методов естественных наук, расширение повествовательного подхода, слабое взаимодействие ортодоксальных и гетеродоксальных школ. Далее раскрыта сущность методологии П. Фейерабенда и произведен ее сравнительный анализ с альтернативными подходами к объяснению развития экономического знания (фальсификационизм, парадигмальный подход, методология научно-исследовательских программ, эволюционный подход, риторический поиск, критический реализм), в результате чего обосновано, что эпистемологический анархизм Фейерабенда является наиболее адекватной теоретической рамкой, позволяющей описать современную экономическую теорию как множественное, конфликтное и нелинейное пространство развития знания. В следующем разделе показано, что применение методологии П. Фейерабенда для объяснения развития экономики позволяет: объяснить сосуществование теоретически несоизмеримых подходов и точно описать современную экономическую теорию как сложную систему, где сосуществуют различные исследовательские практики; интерпретировать наличие гетеродоксальных направлений не как отклонение от «нормальной науки», а как необходимое условие развития знания; по-новому взглянуть на обсуждаемый кризис неоклассической теории сквозь приму критики универсального метода. В результате методология П. Фейерабенда позволяет лучше понять современное состояние экономической науки, поскольку допускает, что неоднородность, фрагментация, внутренние противоречия и конкуренция являются не аномалией в развитии, а отражают сложность и многосторонность экономической действительности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article analyzes the applicability of P. Feyerabend's methodology in explaining the current state of economic theory and mitigating the problems hindering its development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the importance of P. Feyerabend's methodology in understanding the state of contemporary economic theory. The authors identify key trends and challenges in the development of economic methodology: the expulsion of ontology and the transformation of economics into a toolbox, mathematization and formalization, the adoption of methods from natural sciences, the expansion of narrative approach, and a weak interaction between orthodox and heterodox schools. Further, they reveal the essence of P. Feyerabend's methodology and conduct a comparative analysis with alternative approaches to explaining the development of economic knowledge (falsificationism, paradigmatic approach, methodology of scientific research programs, evolutionary approach, rhetorical search, critical realism). As a result, it is substantiated that Feyerabend's epistemological anarchism is the most adequate theoretical framework for describing modern economic theory as a multiple, conflictual and nonlinear space of knowledge development. Further on the authors argue that the application of P. Feyerabend's methodology to explaining economic development allows us to: specify the coexistence of theoretically incommensurable approaches and accurately describe modern economic theory as a complex system where various research practices coexist; interpret the presence of heterodox directions not as a deviation from “normal science”, but as a necessary condition for the development of knowledge; take a new look at the discussed crisis of neoclassical theory through the prism of critique of the universal method. As a result, P. Feyerabend's methodology allows for a better understanding of the current state of economic science, since it allows for the notion that heterogeneity, fragmentation, internal contradictions, and competition are not an anomaly in development, but rather reflect the complexity and versatility of economic reality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>методология экономики</kwd><kwd>философия науки</kwd><kwd>П. Фейерабенд</kwd><kwd>методологический анархизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methodology of economics</kwd><kwd>philosophy of science</kwd><kwd>P. Feyerabend</kwd><kwd>methodological anarchism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Автономов, В. С. (2013). 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