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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msuecon</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov Economics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0130-0105</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSUPRESS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38050/01300105201761</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msuecon-440</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SUSTAINABLE ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Углеродное регулирование: варианты и вызовы для России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Carbon Regulation: Options and Challenges for Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">imakarov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">iastepanov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National research University "Higher school of Economics"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Макаров И.А., Степанов И.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макаров И.А., Степанов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarov I.A., Stepanov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/440">https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/440</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена анализу основных экономических инструментов регулирования выбросов парниковых газов (углеродный налог, система торговли квотами на выбросы, гибридные инструменты) и нацелена на выявление возможностей их использования в России. Центральной задачей исследования является выявление критериев и принципов выбора оптимального инструментария регулирования выбросов, необходимого для развития российской климатической политики и утверждения государственной модели регулирования выбросов. Основные выводы состоят в том, что, во-первых, выбор инструмента является вторичным по отношению к выбору количественной цели сокращения выбросов: при сохранении цели, действующей сейчас, применение специализированных инструментов сокращения выбросов бессмысленно. Во-вторых, в условиях неопределенности экономического и технологического развития страны, высокой зависимости от цен на энергоресурсы, а также недостаточного уровня институционального развития эффективная система регулирования выбросов в России обязательно должна содержать элементы ценового регулирования и быть при этом максимально простой и прозрачной. Возможным вариантом может стать углеродный налог, который тем не менее должен стать не простым дополнением к действующей фискальной системе, а частью более масштабной стратегии низкоуглеродного развития страны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper focuses on main economic instruments for greenhouse gas emissions regulation (carbon tax, cap-and-trade, hybrid instruments) and aims at revealing the possible ways of emissions regulation in Russia. The main objective is to identify criteria of instrument choice and develop the framework of optimal instrument design required for establishing national system of greenhouse gas emissions regulation in Russia. First of all, the main outcome of the paper is that the choice of instrument is secondary to the establishment of the quantitative target of emissions reduction: with the current target, the use of any economic instrument is meaningless. Secondly, under current conditions of uncertain economic and technological pathway, critical dependence on energy prices along with institutional underdevelopment of Russia, the optimal system should contain the elements of price regulation. It should also be simple and transparent. Carbon tax is therefore considered to become the possible option, although, being not just the add-on to the fiscal system, but an integral component of large-scale low-carbon development strategy of Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>низкоуглеродное развитие</kwd><kwd>выбросы парниковых газов</kwd><kwd>Парижское соглашение</kwd><kwd>углеродный налог</kwd><kwd>система торговли квотами на выбросы</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>low-carbon development</kwd><kwd>greenhouse gas emissions</kwd><kwd>Paris agreement</kwd><kwd>carbon tax</kwd><kwd>cap-and-trade system</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аверченков А. А., Галенович А. Ю., Сафонов Г. В., Федоров Ю. Н. 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