msueconВестник Московского университета. Серия 6. ЭкономикаLomonosov Economics Journal0130-0105MSUPRESS10.38050/013001052020210msuecon-595Research ArticleДЕМОГРАФИЯDEMOGRAPHIC STUDIESСвобода передвижения: типология аргументов, политики и практикиFreedom of movement: the typology of arguments, policies and practiceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3551-4186ЛифшицМ. Л.LifshitsM. L.

Лифшиц Марина Лазаревна, аспирант

Екатеринбург

Ekaterinburg

lifmarina@yandex.ruИнститут экономики Уральского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Economics, the Ural Branch of RASRussian Federation20202204202102181197Copyright © Лифшиц М.Л., 20212021Лифшиц М.Л.Lifshits M.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/595

Современные дискуссии о свободе передвижения уходят корнями в период конца XIX — начала XX в. По мнению Людвига фон Мизеса, отношение государства к свободе передвижения людей неразрывно связано с его отношением к частной собственности, свободе передвижения товаров и капитала, а также к защите прав личности и собственности. На основе подхода Мизеса в статье выделено пять основных типов экономической и миграционной политики: анархия — либерализм — протекционизм — дирижизм — тоталитаризм. Рассматриваются аргументы за и против свободы передвижения с позиций либерализма, протекционизма и дирижизма. Показано, что в одном государстве могут смешиваться черты различных типов экономической и миграционной политики. Хотя в целом «правило Мизеса» верно и сегодня: чем дальше от либерализма в экономике, тем меньше свободы передвижения в привлекательной для иммиграции стране. При этом для эффективности либеральной миграционной политики необходим последовательный либерализм в экономике.

Modern discussions on freedom of movement date back to the late XIX — early XX century. According to Ludwig von Mises, state’s attitude to freedom of migration is inseparably linked with its relation to private property, freedom in the flow of goods and capital, as well as to the protection of human rights and property. Drawing on Mises’ approach, the paper identifies five main types of economic and migration policy: anarchy — liberalism — protectionism — dirigisme — totalitarianism. The author addresses arguments pro and contra freedom of movement from the standpoint of liberalism, protectionism and dirigisme, and shows that within one state the traits of various types of economic and migration policy can be mixed. At large, however, the “Mises rule” holds true today: the further the economy is from liberalism, the less freedom of movement there is in an immigration-attractive country. At the same time, efficient liberal migration policy requires consistent liberalism in the economy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.