<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">msuecon</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lomonosov Economics Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0130-0105</issn><publisher><publisher-name>MSUPRESS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38050/01300105202123</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">msuecon-682</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОБЛЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MANAGEMENT ISSUES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Трансфертное ценообразование как инструмент управления компанией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transfer pricing as a company management tool</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7191-1061</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Автухова</surname><given-names>Е. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avtukhova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Автухова Елена Эрнстовна — к.э.н., доцент кафедры маркетинга, экономический факультет</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ee.avtukhova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Автухова Е.Э., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Автухова Е.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avtukhova E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/682">https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/682</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена исследованию одного из наиболее сложных и вместе с тем популярных механизмов управления компанией — трансфертному ценообразованию.</p><p>В рамках предложенного методологического подхода рассматриваются цели и задачи трансфертного ценообразования, формирование системы трансфертного ценообразования как способа управления компанией, популярные точки зрения на методики расчетов трансфертных цен, сильные и слабые стороны имеющихся подходов, а также предложена гипотеза о трансформации методов трансфертного ценообразования.</p><p>В работе систематизированы методы трансфертного ценообразования с учетом опыта отечественных и зарубежных компаний, развития законодательства РФ, рекомендаций ОЭСР, работ аудиторских, консалтинговых компаний и различных исследователей. Проведен обзор наиболее популярных методов трансфертного ценообразования, на основании которого строится анализ целей использования того или иного метода и выделяются факторы успешности использования соответствующего управленческого механизма. В статье проводится анализ специфики использования данного управленческого механизма в финансовых компаниях и компаниях, работающих в реальном секторе, а также исследуется методология внедрения трансфертного ценообразования в рамках отдельного юридического лица и в рамках вертикально интегрированного холдинга. Учитывая тот факт, что трансфертное ценообразование является также объектом налогового регулирования со стороны государства, автор специально оговаривает, что не рассматривает проблематику трансфертного ценообразования в целях управления налоговыми рисками.</p><p>Результаты исследования могут быть использованы сотрудниками и руководителями финансовых подразделений компаний, аналитиками, консультантами и сотрудниками государственных агентств и ведомств при формировании методологии использования финансовых инструментов для управления компаниями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article studies one of the most complicated and yet popular company management tools, the transfer pricing. The author considers the aims and purpose of transfer pricing, the formation of a transfer pricing system as a company management tool, popular viewpoints on transfer price calculation methodologies, strengths and weaknesses of the existing approaches, and offers a hypothesis on transforming transfer pricing methods. The paper systematizes transfer pricing methods with due regard to the experience of domestic and foreign companies, the development of the Russian Federation legislation, the recommendations of the OECD, and the studies of auditing and consulting companies. The author presents an overview of the most popular transfer pricing methods which serve as a basis for using one or another method, identifies the factors of efficient management mechanism. The article analyses the specific features of using a particular management mechanism in financial companies and companies operating in real economy, studies the methodology to deploy transfer pricing in a legal entity and within a vertically integrated holding. Taking into account the fact that regulation of transfer pricing is also a tax regulation tool used by the state, the author emphasizes that the problems of transfer pricing tools aimed at tax risk management are not the object of the article. The results of the study can be used by employees and executives of corporate financial divisions, analysts, consultants, and employees of state agencies and authorities while developing the methodology for using financial instruments in company management.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансфертное ценообразование</kwd><kwd>управленческий учет</kwd><kwd>бизнес-процесс</kwd><kwd>финансовые методы управления компанией</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transfer pricing</kwd><kwd>management accounting</kwd><kwd>business process</kwd><kwd>company financial management</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брэйли, Р., &amp; Майерс С. (2008). Принципы корпоративных финансов. Олимп-Бизнес.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Annual report by Gazpromneft for 2019. Retrieved October 16, 2020, from https://ar2019.gazprom-neft.ru/download/full-reports/ar_ru_annual-report_pages_gazprom-neft_2019.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Годовой отчет Газпромнефть за 2019 г. Дата обращения 16.10.2020, https://ar2019.gazprom-neft.ru/download/full-reports/ar_ru_annual-report_pages_gazprom-neft_2019.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Annual report by NLMK for 2018. Retrieved October 12, 2020, from https://www.livetraders.ru/DContent/companies/nlmk/reports/annual/НЛМК%20%20-%202018%20год%20-%20отчет.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Годовой отчет НЛМК за 2018 г. Дата обращения 12.10.2020, https://www.livetraders.ru/DContent/companies/nlmk/reports/annual/НЛМК%20%20-%202018%20год%20-%20отчет.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Breily, R., Maiers S. (2008). Principles of corporate finance. Olimp-Business.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлова, Ж. М. (2007). Совершенствование взаимодействий участников интегрированных агропромышленных предприятий на основе использования трансфертных цен. [Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук, Барнаул].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">FTA. Official site. Retrieved October 4, 2020, from http://www.nalog.ru/rn77/taxation/transfer_pricing/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маршалл, Дж. Ф., &amp; Бансал, В. К. (1998). Финансовая инженерия. Полное руководство по финансовым нововведениям. Инфра-М.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hmelnizkaya, О. V. (2004). Optimization of transfer pricing calculation. [ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses, Moscow].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мечел. 2016 г. Путь точечного развития. Дата обращения 12.10.2020, https://mechel.ru/press/mechel_v_smi/put-tochechnogo-razvitiya/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlova, J. М. (2007). Enhancement of cooperation of integrated agroindustrial enterprises participants based on transfer pricing implementation. [ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses, Barnaul].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Налоговый кодекс Российской Федерации (НК РФ). (1998, 31 июля) от 31 июля 1998 года. Принят ГД СФ РФ, действующая редакция (№ 146-ФЗ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marshal, G. F., &amp; Bansal, V. К. (1998). Financial engineering. Complete handbook of financial innovations. Infra-М.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панферова, О. О. (2013). Трансфертное ценообразование: экономическая природа и сфера распространения. [Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук, Санкт-Петербург].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mechel. 2016 г. The Way of step-by-step development. Retrieved October 12, 2020, from http:// mechel.ru/press/mechel_v_smi/put-tochechnogo-razvitiya/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пашкус, В. Ю. (2004). Теория трансфертного ценообразования в современной организации: понятия, модели, проблемы. Дата обращения 12.10.2020, https://www.ippnou.ru/article.php?idarticle=000761</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panferova, О. О. (2013). Transfer pricing: economic nature and area of development. [ProQuest Dissertations &amp; Theses, Sanct-Petersburg].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пол, Д., Гари, Э. (2006). Менеджмент, основанный на ценности. Как обеспечить ценность для акционеров. Инфра-М.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paschkus, V. J. (2004). Transfer pricing theory in contemporary organisation: concept, models, questions. Retrieved October 12, 2020, from https://www.ippnou.ru/article.php?idarticle=000761</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">РБК. Дата обращения 04.10.2020, https://pro.rbc.ru/demo/5f23e6929a7947d0cf5a8427</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pol, D., &amp; Harry, E. (2006). Management based on values. How provide value for stockholders. Infra-М.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Точно в срок: на НЛМК внедряют систему позаказного планирования. Дата об- ращения 15.10.2020, http://www.up-pro.ru/library/production_management/planning/pozakaznoe-planirovanie.html</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RF Tax Code (TC RF). (1998, 31 july) 31 july 1998. Adopted by GD SF RF, actual version (N 146-FZ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трансфертное ценообразование: политика и процедуры. Дата обращения 15.10.2020, PricewaterhouseCoopers//https://www.cfin.ru/management/finance/capital/transfer_pricing.shtml</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">RBC. Retrieved October 4, 2020, from http:// pro.rbc.ru/demo/5f23e6929a7947d0cf5a8427</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шамаев, И. Фондирование. Трансфертное ценообразование. Дата обращения 04.10.2020, https://ivan-shamaev.ru/funds-transfer-pricing</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Right in term: at NLMK the system of upfront planning has been enrooting. Retrieved October 15, 2020, from http://www.up-pro.ru/library/production_management/planning/pozakaznoe-planirovanie.html</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хмельницкая, О. В. (2004). Оптимизация формирования трансфертных цен. [Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук, Москва].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schamaev, I. Funding. Transfer pricing. Retrieved October 4, 2020, from https://ivanshamaev.ru/funds-transfer-pricing</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ФНС. Официальный сайт. Дата обращения 04.10.2020, https://www.nalog.ru/rn77/taxation/transfer_pricing/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Transfer pricing: policy and procedures. Retrieved October 15, 2020, PricewaterhouseCoopers//https://www.cfin.ru/management/finance/capital/transfer_pricing.shtml</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choudhry, M. (2017). Best-practice Funds Transfer Pricing Principles. FCSI FIFS FIOD University of Kent Business School. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://education. wbstraining.com/pluginfile.php/2783/mod_resource/content/2/Choudhry_FTP_ThoughtPiece_Jan2017.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choudhry, M. (2017). Best-practice Funds Transfer Pricing Principles. FCSI FIFS FIOD University of Kent Business School. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://education. wbstraining.com/pluginfile.php/2783/mod_resource/content/2/Choudhry_FTP_ThoughtPiece_Jan2017.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crouhy M. (2001). Risk Management. In M. Crouhy, D. Galai, R. Mark. Risk Management. N. Y.: McGraw-Hill.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crouhy M. (2001). Risk Management. In M. Crouhy, D. Galai, R. Mark. Risk Management. N. Y.: McGraw-Hill.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goex, R. F. &amp; Schiller, U. (2006). An Economic Perspective on Transfer Pricing. Handbook of Management Accounting Research (Vol. 2). Oxford, February.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goex, R. F. &amp; Schiller, U. (2006). An Economic Perspective on Transfer Pricing. Handbook of Management Accounting Research (Vol. 2). Oxford, February.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harris, M., Kriebel, C. &amp; Raviv, A. (1982). Asymmetric Information, Incentives, and Intrafirm Resource Allocation. Management Science, June, 604–620.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harris, M., Kriebel, C. &amp; Raviv, A. (1982). Asymmetric Information, Incentives, and Intrafirm Resource Allocation. Management Science, June, 604–620.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jorion, Ph. (2003). Financial Risk Management Handbook. N. Y.: John Wiley &amp; Sons.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jorion, Ph. (2003). Financial Risk Management Handbook. N. Y.: John Wiley &amp; Sons.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lambert, R. A. (2001). Contracting Theory and Accounting. The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Revised, January.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lambert, R. A. (2001). Contracting Theory and Accounting. The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania Revised, January.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Lange LL. M., M. (2017). Five Transfer Pricing Methods With Examples. TRANSFER PRICING ASIA MARCH 17, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://transferpricingasia.com/2017/03/17/five-transfer-pricing-methods-examples/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Lange LL. M., M. (2017). Five Transfer Pricing Methods With Examples. TRANSFER PRICING ASIA MARCH 17, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://transferpricingasia.com/2017/03/17/five-transfer-pricing-methods-examples/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liang, K. (2007). Optimized Transfer-Pricing Model for Asia Pacific. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/68894/773578230-MIT.pdf?sequence=2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liang, K. (2007). Optimized Transfer-Pricing Model for Asia Pacific. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/68894/773578230-MIT.pdf?sequence=2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Subramanian, P. &amp; Shah, M. (2020). Intangible Property Transfer Pricing In an Economic Downturn. Tax Notes International, May 11, 2020, p. 631. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://tax.kpmg.us/content/dam/tax/en/pdfs/2020/intangible-property-tp.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Subramanian, P. &amp; Shah, M. (2020). Intangible Property Transfer Pricing In an Economic Downturn. Tax Notes International, May 11, 2020, p. 631. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://tax.kpmg.us/content/dam/tax/en/pdfs/2020/intangible-property-tp.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stiglitz, J. E. (2003). The roaring nineties: a new history of the world's most prosperous decade. N. Y.: W. W. Norton &amp; Company.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stiglitz, J. E. (2003). The roaring nineties: a new history of the world's most prosperous decade. N. Y.: W. W. Norton &amp; Company.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Funds Transfer Pricing (FTP): A Primer. Setting the Standard for Modern Treasury. White Paper by FINASTRA. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.finastra.com/sites/default/files/2019-03/market-insights_funds-transfer-pricing.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Funds Transfer Pricing (FTP): A Primer. Setting the Standard for Modern Treasury. White Paper by FINASTRA. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.finastra.com/sites/default/files/2019-03/market-insights_funds-transfer-pricing.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2020, from https://www.oecd.org/tax/transferpricing/oecd-transfer-pricing-guidelines-for-multinational-enterprises-and-taxadministrations-20769717.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2020, from https://www.oecd.org/tax/transferpricing/oecd-transfer-pricing-guidelines-for-multinational-enterprises-and-taxadministrations-20769717.htm</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">PWC. Transfer Pricing Perspectives: Sustainable transfer pricing in an era of growth and business transformation. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/tax/transfer-pricing/management-strategy/assets/pwc-transfer-pricing-perspectivesoctober-2011.pdf</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">PWC. Transfer Pricing Perspectives: Sustainable transfer pricing in an era of growth and business transformation. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/tax/transfer-pricing/management-strategy/assets/pwc-transfer-pricing-perspectivesoctober-2011.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
