msueconВестник Московского университета. Серия 6. ЭкономикаLomonosov Economics Journal0130-0105MSUPRESS10.38050/01300105202145msuecon-755Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯSUSTAINABLE ISSUESЦена на углерод: теория и практика регулирования выбросов парниковых газовCarbon price: theory and practice of greenhouse gas emissions regulationhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-3745СтепановИ. А.StepanovI. A.

Степанов Илья Александрович —младший научный сотрудник, заместитель заведующего лабораторией экономики изменения климата НИУ ВШЭ.

Москва.

Moscow.

iastepanov@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-0677ГалимоваК. З.GalimovaK. Z.

Галимова Карина Зейнуллаевна — стажер-исследователь лаборатории экономики изменения климата НИУ ВШЭ.

Москва.

Moscow.

kzgalimova@edu.hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет Высшая школа экономикиРоссияNRU Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation2021161020210495116Copyright © Степанов И.А., Галимова К.З., 20212021Степанов И.А., Галимова К.З.Stepanov I.A., Galimova K.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://msuecon.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/755

В рамках перехода к низкоуглеродному развитию особую популярность по всему миру приобретает цена на углерод. Дискуссии о ее введении ведутся и в России. Тем не менее использование цены на углерод может быть сопряжено с рядом трудностей. На практике возможность их преодоления зависит от способности архитектуры экономического регулирования выбросов учесть специфику страны или отдельных отраслей, где это регулирование вводится. Регулятору необходимо определиться с особенностями системы углеродного регулирования, выявить приемлемый уровень и охват цены на углерод, учесть последствия для уязвимых групп населения, компаний и т.д. Работа направлена на систематизацию теоретического и практического опыта использования цены на углерод в различных странах и регионах мировой экономики. На основе анализа фундаментальных и эмпирических работ выделены факторы, ограничивающие возможности эффективного использования цены на углерод; классифицированы основные элементы архитектуры углеродного регулирования. На основе анализа международного опыта даны рекомендации по разработке национальной системы регулирования выбросов в России.

In the context of transition to low-carbon development, carbon price is rapidly gaining ground all over the world. Discussions on its implementation are under way in Russia as well. However, the use of carbon price as an indicator can be compounded by certain risks. In practice, to overcome them depends on the ability of carbon price designing to take into account the specifics of a country or industries where the regulation is introduced. The regulator needs to determine the specifics of carbon pricing, identify the acceptable degree of regulation and coverage of carbon price; consider the consequences for vulnerable sectors of population, companies, etc. The study aims at systematizing theory and practice of carbon pricing across various countries and regions of the world economy. Drawing on the analysis of fundamental and empirical works, the authors identify the factors that limit the effective use of carbon price; classify the key elements of carbon pricing design. Based on the analysis of international experience, the article provides recommendations on the development of a system for regulating carbon in Russia.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.