The concept of sustainable mobility: theory and practice
https://doi.org/10.38050/013001052021510
Abstract
The article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the concept of sustainable mobility within the framework of its three key components. It shows that the problem of transport sustainability is holistic and interdisciplinary and is considered within environmental, urbanistic and transport approaches that complement each other and offer conceptually close solutions for modern urban development. The article discusses the main directions of sustainable mobility, laid down in strategic planning documents of foreign countries. The paper also provides examples of the implementation of the principles of sustainable mobility in the strategies of socioeconomic development of Russia’s cities and regions developed by the authors. Population surveys conducted by the authors in Russian cities as part of the development of these strategic planning documents show that about 95% of the population prefer sustainable transport policy tools that have proven themselves useful in many cities around the world. The analysis concludes with the recommendations for Russia's transition to the «sustainable transport» paradigm.
About the Authors
V. M. Komarov
RANEPA
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
V. V. Akimova
Lomonosov Moscow State University; RANEPA
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow
References
1. Administratsiya Tol’yatti (2019). Strategiya sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya munitsipal’nogo obrazovaniya gorodskoy okrug Tol’yatti na period do 2030 goda (utverzhdena Resheniem № 131 ot 25 yanvarya 2019 g. Dumy gorodskogo okruga Tol’yatti). Administratsiya gorodskogo okruga Tol’yatti. https://tgl.ru/files/files/str-ser-2030.pdf
2. Blinkin, M. Ya. (2008, January 24). Etiologiya i patogenez moskovskikh probok. Informatsionnyy portal «Polit.ru». http://polit.ru/article/2008/01/24/probki/
3. Evseeva, A.I. (2016). The New Urban Mobility: Trends in Transportation Development. Public Administration. E-journal, 59, 238–266.
4. Khovavko, I. Yu. (2012). Internalization of external effects from environmental pollution in the Russian Federation: theory and practice. TEIS.
5. Khovavko, I. Yu. (2014). Economic analysis of Moscow traffic jams. Public Administration. E-journal, 43, 121–134.
6. Komarov, V. M., Kotsyubinskiy, V.A., & Akimova, V. V. (2020). Sustainable Development Strategies VS Traditional Approaches: Public Preferences. Moscow University Economics Bulletin, 6, 124–146. https://doi.org/10.38050/01300105202067.
7. Komarov, V. M., & Akimova, V. V. (2021) Strategies for Sustainable Urban Mobility: Analysis of Best Practices. Ekonomicheskaya Politika, 16(1), 82–103. https://doi.org/10.18288/1994-5124-2021-1-82-103
8. Komarov, V. M., Akimova, V. V., Kotsyubinskiy, V.A., & Zemtsov, S. P. (2021). Comparative Analysis of the Development Approaches to Long-Term Government Strategies in Russia and in the World. Public Administration Issues, 1, 56–74.
9. Stepin, V. S. (2000). Scientific Knowledge. Progress-Traditsiya.
10. Stepin, V. S. (2012). Scientific rationality in anthropogenic culture: Types and historical evolution. Voprosy Filosofii, 5, 18–25.
11. Voloshinskaya A.A., Komarov V. M. (2017). Eco-city concepts: Recommendations for Russia. TERRA ECONOMICUS, 15(4), 92–108. https://doi.org/10.23683/2073-6606-2017-15-4-92-108
12. Bohl, C. C. (2002). Place making: developing town centers, main streets, and urban villages. Urban Land Institute.
13. Boston Transportation Department (2017). Go Boston 2030: Vision and Action Plan. Boston Transportation Department. https://www.boston.gov/departments/transportation/go-boston-2030
14. Boulding, K.E. (1966). The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth. Environmental Quality in a Growing Economy. Essays from the Sixth RFF Forum, 3–14.
15. Boulding, K. E. (1978). Ecodynamics: a new theory of societal evolution. Sage Publications.
16. Brunner, P. H., & Rechberger, H. (2004). Practical handbook of material flow analysis. Lewis Publishers.
17. Bunning, J., Beattie, C., Rauland, V., & Newman, P. (2013). Low-Carbon Sustainable Precincts: An Australian Perspective. Sustainability, 5, 2305–2326.
18. Calthorpe, P. (1993). The next American metropolis: ecology, community, and the American Dream. Princeton Architectural Press.
19. Carson, R. (1962). Silent spring. Houghton Mifflin.
20. Сervero, R. (1998). The transit metropolis: a global inquiry. Island Press.
21. Cervero, R. et al. (2004). Transit Oriented Development in America: Experiences,
22. Challenges, and Prospects (Report No. 102). Transit Cooperative Research Program. https://www.valleymetro.org/images/uploads/general_publications/TCRP-Report-102_TOD-inthe-US-Experiences-Challenges-and-Prospects_10-04.pdf
23. Cervero, R. (2013). Bus Rapid Transit (BRT): An Efficient and Competitive Mode of Public
24. Transport (Working paper No. 2013-01). Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sn2f5wc
25. City of Vancouver (2012). Transportation 2040. City of Vancouver. https://vancouver.ca/files/cov/transportation-2040-plan.pdf Colville-Andersen, M. (2018). Copenhagenize: the definitive guide to global bicycle urbanism. Island Press.
26. Costanza, R., Cumberland, J. C., Daly, H.E., Goodland, R., & Norgaard, R. (1997). An introduction to ecological economics. St. Lucie Press.
27. Crawford, J. H. (2000). Carfree Cities. International Books.
28. Daly H.E. (ed.) (1980). Economics, Ecology, Ethics. Essays Towards a Steady-State Economy. W. H. Freeman and Company.
29. Daly, H. E. (2007). Ecological Economics and Sustainable Development (Selected Essays of Herman Daly). Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
30. Dantzig, G.B., & Saaty, T. L. (1973). Compact City: Plan for a Liveable Urban Environment. W. H. Freeman and Company.
31. Davies, A., & Clark, S. (2009). Identifying and prioritising walking investment through the PERS audit tool. 10th International Conference for Walking. Walk 21 Proceedings.
32. Dittmar, H., Ohland, G. (2004). The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development. Island Press.
33. Downs, A. (1992). Stuck in Traffic: Coping with Peak-Hour Traffic Congestion. The Brookings Institution.
34. Faber, M. (2008). How to be an ecological economist. Ecological Economics, 66(1), 1–7.
35. Gehl, J., & Gemzoe, L. (1996). Public spaces and public life. Danish Architectural Press. Gehl, J. (2010). Cities for people. Island Press.
36. Georgescu-Roegen, N. (1971). The Entropy Law and the Economic Process. Harvard University Press.
37. Georgescu-Roegen, N. (1975). Energy and Economic Myths. Southern Economic Journal, 41(3), 347–381.
38. Greater London Authority (2018). Mayor’s Transport Strategy. Greater London Authority. https://www.london.gov.uk/sites/default/files/mayors-transport-strategy-2018.pdf
39. Hart, J. (2011). Driven to Excess: A Study of Motor Vehicle Impacts on Three Streets in Bristol UK. World Transport Policy & Practice, 17(2), 12–30.
40. Holcombe, R. G. (2004). The New Urbanism Versus the Market Process. The Review of Austrian Economics, 17(2/3), 285–300. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:RAEC.0000026836.66261.c1
41. Jacobs, J. (1961). The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Random House.
42. Jevons, W. S. (1866). The Coal Question. Macmillan and Company.
43. Kelbaugh, D. S. (2002). Repairing the American Metropolis: Common Place Revisited. University of Washington Press.
44. Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T., & Aylmer, C. (2013). Beyond GDP: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress. Ecological Economics, 93, 57–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.04.019
45. Kuhn, T. S. (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. University of Chicago Press. Lehmann, S. (2010). Green urbanism: Formulating a series of holistic principles. S. A. P. I. E. N. S., 3(2). https://journals.openedition.org/sapiens/1057
46. Litman, Т. (2009) Transportation Cost and Benefit Analysis: Techniques, Estimates and Implications. Victoria Transport Policy Institute.
47. Melia, S., Parkhurst, G., & Barton, H. (2011). The paradox of intensification. Transport Policy, 18(1), 46—52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2010.05.007
48. Mindali, O., Raven, A., & Salomon, I. (2004). Urban density and energy consumption: a new look at old statistics. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 38(2), 143–162.
49. Minx, J., Creutzig, F., Medinger, V., Ziegler, T., Owen, A., & Baiocchi, G. (2011).
50. Developing a pragmatic approach to assess urban metabolism in Europe (Working paper No. 1-2011). Department of Climate Change Economics, University of Berlin. https://ideas.climatecon.tu-berlin.de/documents/wpaper/CLIMATECON-2011-01.pdfMogridge, M. (1990). Travel in Towns: Jam yesterday, jam today and jam tomorrow? Macmillan Press.
51. Newman, P., & Kenworthy, J. (1989). Cities and Automobile Dependence: An International Sourcebook. Gower Publishing.
52. OECD (1997). Proceedings, Towards Sustainable Transportation. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/greengrowth/greening-transport/2396815.pdf
53. Register, R. (1987). Ecocity Berkeley. Building Cities for the Healthy Future. North Atlantic Books.
54. Register, R. (2001). Ecocities: Building cities in balance with nature. Berkeley Hills Books.
55. Schumacher, E. F. (1973). Small Is Beautiful: A Study of Economics As If People Mattered. Blond & Briggs.
56. Sen, A. (1999). Development as Freedom. Oxford University Press.
57. Speck, J. (2013). Walkable City: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time. North Point Press.
58. Tom Tom (2021). Traffic Index 2020. Full ranking 2020. https://www.tomtom.com/en_gb/traffic-index/ranking/
59. Turner, R. K. (1993). Sustainability: Principles and Practice. In R. K. Turner (ed.), Sustainable Environmental Economics and Management: Principles and Practice (pp. 3–36). Belhaven Press.
60. Van Audenhove, F.-J., Korniichuk, O., Dauby, L., & Pourbaix, J. (2014). The Future of Urban Mobility 2.0. Imperatives to shape extended mobility ecosystems of tomorrow. Arthur D. Little future lab and UITP. https://www.adlittle.com/sites/default/files/viewpoints/2014_ADL_UITP_Future_of_Urban_Mobility_2_0_Full_study.pdf
61. Vuchic, V. R. (1981). Urban Public Transportation Systems and Technology. Prentice-Hall.
62. Vuchic, V. R. (1999). Transportation for livable cities. Center for Urban Policy Research (CUPR Press).
63. Westerink, J., Haase, D., Bauer, A., Ravetz, J., Jarrige, F., & Aalbers, C.B. E. M. (2013).
64. Dealing with Sustainability Trade-Offs of the Compact City in Peri-Urban Planning Across European City Regions. European Planning Studies, 21(4), 473–497. https://doi:10.1080/09654313.2012.722927
65. Wiederkehr, P., Gilbert, R., Crist, P., & Caïd, N. (2004). Environmentally Sustainable Transport (EST): Concept, Goal, and Strategy — The OECD’s EST Project. European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research, 4(1), 11–25.
66. Wolman, A. (1965). The Metabolism of Cities. Scientific American, 213, 179–190. https://10.1038/scientificamerican0965-178
67. World Health Organization (2018). Global status report on road safety 2018. World Health Organization. https://nonews.co/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/GSRRS2018.pdf
Review
For citations:
Komarov V.M., Akimova V.V. The concept of sustainable mobility: theory and practice. Moscow University Economics Bulletin. 2021;(5):207-231. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.38050/013001052021510
Views:
249
Email this article 