Экономика диверсификации сельскохозяйственного производства в аграрной политике: на примере рынка органической продукции

В статье рассматриваются современные проблемы развития рынка органической продукции сельского хозяйства. В теоретической части отмечается необходимость диверсификации сельскохозяйственного производства не только для поддержания доходов и снижения рисков, но и для восстановления плодородия почв и увеличения урожаев, что может осуществляться в том числе и при переходе на органический тип земледелия, когда фермер снижает уровень химизации производства, с целью сокращения экологических экстерналий. В разделе обзора аграрной политики проанализированы основные факторы, способствующие развитию рынка органической продукции, которые включают в себя, как развитие нормативной базы, создающие определенные правила и характеристики продукции органического типа, а также различного рода субсидии, которые, помогают, как поддержать производство этого вида продукции, так и закрепить определенную нишу на рынке для органической продукции. В ходе исследования выявлено, что несмотря на высокие темпы роста рынка органической продукции во многих развитых странах, по-прежнему остаются дискуссии о рентабельности таких проектов, а также о сложности перехода с традиционных технологий на органическое земледелие.

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