Цена на углерод: теория и практика регулирования выбросов парниковых газов

В рамках перехода к низкоуглеродному развитию особую популярность по всему миру приобретает цена на углерод. Дискуссии о ее введении ведутся и в России. Тем не менее использование цены на углерод может быть сопряжено с рядом трудностей. На практике возможность их преодоления зависит от способности архитектуры экономического регулирования выбросов учесть специфику страны или отдельных отраслей, где это регулирование вводится. Регулятору необходимо определиться с особенностями системы углеродного регулирования, выявить приемлемый уровень и охват цены на углерод, учесть последствия для уязвимых групп населения, компаний и т.д. Работа направлена на систематизацию теоретического и практического опыта использования цены на углерод в различных странах и регионах мировой экономики. На основе анализа фундаментальных и эмпирических работ выделены факторы, ограничивающие возможности эффективного использования цены на углерод; классифицированы основные элементы архитектуры углеродного регулирования. На основе анализа международного опыта даны рекомендации по разработке национальной системы регулирования выбросов в России.

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